Monitoring and evaluation should respect principles of participation and involve all programme stakeholders, including programme implementers, beneficiaries (programme users), women and girl survivors when appropriate and safe, local officials, … In order to assist the pupils to solve their problems in the educational, vocational and personal fields the counsellor must have an objective knowledge of the pupils abilities, interests, attitudes and other personal characteristics. A list of seven principles designed to make teaching both more effective and more efficient, by helping instructors create the conditions that support student learning. h�b```a``��B�� cb�+�S˛�|R9�/``�pk`����ґo��m������i. When designing instruction, it is imperative to promote good design for learning. Principal evaluation should reflect a systems approach. The 5 -star rating scale is based on Merrill’s (2002) first principles of instruction. Performance Improvement Journal 41(7), 41-46. Evaluation is a key component to ensuring the successful integration of adult learning principles into AETC training programs. K0213: Knowledge of instructional design and evaluation models (e.g., ADDIE, Smith/Ragan model, Gagne’s Events of Instruction, ... K0245: Knowledge of principles and processes for conducting training and education needs assessment. These principles are distilled from research from a variety of disciplines. Merrill’s principles draw from several instructional design theories and models, identifying and articulating the design principles on which these theories agree. J J Ȫ�@��-g�b � �:���p���A܀݃��)�qìm�S�Ɋ,%u��^i0;��Y�r��-@7ނ8K���� �fb`�w�*W�.�h �` ��-= 65. Next feedback is provided on the basis of correctness of response made. Principles of Instructional Design. II. Teaching Principles. Download Merrill (2002b) Merrill, M. D (2006) A pebble-in-the-pond model for instructional design. Different educationist has defined evaluation as following: Evaluation is the assignment of symbols to phenomenon, in order to characterize the worth or value of a phenomenon, usually with reference to some cultural or scientific standards. K0246: Knowledge of relevant concepts, procedures, software, equipment, and technology applications. But whatever the instrument or technique may be it has its own limitation. evaluation studies for a given instructional product or research studies comparing the use and misuse of these principles. Evaluation is important because it is the most reliable tool for continuous improvement in … Procedures for Administering the Student Assessment of Instruction In order to promote a consistent process college‐wide, the following procedure should be followed for paper surveys: Page 1 of 1 Rosenshine’s Six Instructional Teaching Functions. At this stage, the evaluator analyzes the extent to which claims in the introduction and blurbs actually match up with the internal consistency and organization of the materials. And, while high-quality curriculum is just one of the Principles of Outdoor School, it is the foundation upon which the remaining principles are built. Error is also found due to incorrect interpretation of test scores. In their landmark book, Improving Adult Literacy Instruction: Supporting Learning and Motivation (2012), the National Research Council of the National Academies states clearly the goal of all learning: expertise. And with school districts across the nation working feverishly to align their curriculum with Common Core standards, Tyler’s straightforward recommendations are sound and effective tools for educators working to create a curriculum that … This fifth edition provides an Materials should provide the learners with opportunities to use the target language to achieve communicative competence. 0 �Ps���Zc$Ԓ�HA�\CC.-��uY��p�G'E�L�`Zs� ��5� �x9���p����`X?��g��z�D�\ ��Ǐt�?�� �8���KV�#Q��I����cAL$�ԗ�.7t���9��β����m\���� �o=�M�>�E���_x_g�8 »R�b�x�F?�x��k���(M��)��L����:Ю}�+�=��2Whvy��79��DJj�k ץ��o�ci{�@��PBvQkSIP�tH���b�g`%8��uJ��r�F����Eu�>�,�ݯ��6�\���q�q�:�*}�� �.IGi�4�g�>/&���u �|M?��. This paper reviews five ways to increase the effectiveness of instructional video and one way not to use instructional video. The principles of instructional design consider how educational tools should be designed, created, and delivered to any learning group, from grade school students to adult employees across all industry sectors.” [1] And other sources giving this information to explain the instructional design. First the instructional material is presented in a limited amount then a test is given to response the instructional material. The process of ascertaining or judging the value or amount of something by use of a standard of standard of appraisal includes judgement in terms of internal evidence and external criteria. … A systematic evaluation procedure provides an objective and comprehensive picture of each pupil’s progress. Merrill's first and central principle of instruction is task-centered learning. This emphasis on thoughtful evaluation has kept Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction a relevant, trusted companion for over sixty years. The instructional video product "should be a realization that there is a need for moving visual material of this type in a particular instructional situation either in a supporting role or as the main vehicle of instruction and that no suitable material is already available" (Ellington, 1985, p. 176). Note: These guidelines are to be used with the “Instructional Design and Materials Evaluation Form.” INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN ELEMENTS. Sampling error is a common factor in educational and psychological measurements. This information may pertain to the program as a complete entity or only to some of its components. Task centered learning is not problem-based learning, although it shares some features. that help the trainer prepare for instruction? evaluating instructional programs. Evaluation data helps the administrators to judge the extent to which the objectives of the school are being achieved, to find out strengths and weaknesses of the curriculum and arranging special school programmes. This comprehensive nature of the evaluation process helps the teacher to report on the total development of the pupil to the parents. It must be clearly stated what is to be evaluated: A teacher must be clear about the purpose of evaluation. Y1 - 2020/7/3. Internal Evaluation covers an in-depth investigation of the value of the material in relation to its objectives, principles, lesson design, and assessment procedures. Instructional design (ID) is based on three psychological principles of learning: behavioral, cognitive and constructivist. Instructional Systems Design: Basic Principles. 50(3), 43-59. The instructional designers should evaluate every step to ensure that the objectives are achieved by the instructional design and material. Disclaimer 9. Assist, ensures utilization of a range of assessment processes of learners performance. It gives the value judgement to the numerical value. Evaluation helps to know whether the students possess required knowledge and skills to proceed with the instruction. Evaluation: 3 semester hours Prerequisites: ED REM 6730 or consent of instructor. It focuses on grant writing, practical application of evaluation procedures, and data analysis as well as on Student growth and learning can be observed and measured. Diagnostic Evaluation. Learning starts with real-world problems. Describe the steps of an outbreak investigation. 268 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<812C6FEE208A934FBBF90BFB73EEE7FC><55D53DB037A1EF43BD14F3E8646B33F3>]/Index[249 42]/Info 248 0 R/Length 99/Prev 680725/Root 250 0 R/Size 291/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream We ask, “How and when will we use the information that comes from this evaluation?” By anticipating our information needs, we are more likely to A progression through problems of increasing difficulty are used to scaffold th… Content Filtrations 6. Download Merrill (2002a) Merrill, M. D. (2002). First Principles of Instruction. We will now look at the guiding principles for each phase. Hasan Cakir. First Principles of Instruction. Evaluation procedures are very much necessary for educational, vocational and personal guidance. Share. Download Merrill (2002b) Merrill, M. D (2006) A pebble-in-the-pond model for instructional design. The growth and learning of children is the primary responsibility of those who teach in our classrooms and lead our schools. Evaluation This phase measures the effectiveness and efficiency of the instruction. The final phase of the ADDIE model comprises evaluation. planning forms. should be used. In order to make the school programme more effective, researches are necessary. Report a Violation, Comparison between Measurement and Evaluation | Statistics, Difference between Formative and Summative Evaluation. Accumulated experience – the writer reviews or surveys existing materials which can give useful information about the demands and the needs in the field. Every evaluation technique is appropriate for some uses and inappropriate for another. The two types of evaluation are formative evaluation and summative evaluation. Image Guidelines 5. An effective evaluation procedure helps in getting a comprehensive picture of the pupil which leads to effective guidance and of counselling. He must... 2. First Principles of Instruction. For example when we say Rohan secured 45 numbers in Arithmetic. Activation principle 3. Bent on ingraining maximum knowledge from each course, MPI is remembered as the first principles of instruction. methods, in particular peer evaluation of teaching and self‐assessments. But the evaluation is meant for some useful purpose. PRINCIPLES OF EVALUATION PRACTICE We aspire to have the following principles guide our evaluation practice: 1. Evaluation Guidelines. Evaluation can be done with the help of simple observation or highly developed standardized tests. The following principles will help to make the evaluation process an effective one: A teacher must be clear about the purpose of evaluation. The theories cited in this paper are illustra-tive of our approach rather than exhaustive. First Principles of Instruction. So that without an effective evaluation process the programmed learning is not possible. The instructor must know the knowledge and skills to be mastered by the students. The Instructional Video Evaluation Instrument In the teaching learning process it is very much necessary to know the needs of the learners. What type of knowledge and understanding the student should develop? mastery of objectives, and ensure the students' transfer of knowledge from the instructional setting to the job. and . Copyright 10. Secondary school principals in Oyo State seem to give little attention to instructional supervision. Integration principleThe principles promote learning in the following manner: 1. Empowerment leads to ownership and commitment as teachers identify prob-lems and design strategies themselves. Donald Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of Learning Evaluation are often utilized during this phase of the ADDIE process. So that a complete’ picture of the pupil achievement and development can be assessed. Evaluation studies the ‘total child’ and thus helps us to undertake special instructional programmes like enrichment programme, for the bright and remedial programmes for the backward. Demonstration principle 4. Privacy Policy 8. We lead with purpose. Plagiarism Prevention 4. TOS 7. Not all of the principles stated in this paper are in-cluded in the theories that are very briefly described. Collegiality promotes sharing, coop-eration, and collaboration, in which both the principal and teachers talk about teaching and learning (Brewer, 2001). Read Text. It is not merely gathering data about the learner. Published 11 June 2015. From the above definitions it can b said that evaluations a much more comprehensive and inclusive term than the measurement and test. Instruction. Leads in the evaluation of learner’s achievement and utilizes results to improve learning. Criteria for. Describe the processes, uses, and evaluation of public health surveillance. Principles of Evaluation: Evaluation is a systematic process of determining to what extent instructional objectives has been achieved. 8.4 Principles of Instructional Evaluation Instructional Evaluation should be used on the following criteria by which worth is determined. Formative evaluation is present in each stage of the ADDIE process, while summative evaluation is conducted on finished instructional programs or products. Evaluation essentially is the provision of information for the sake of facilitating decision making at various stages of curriculum development. The evaluation technique is used to take decisions about the learner. We design evaluation with actions and decisions in mind. The term evaluation is closely related to measurement. It includes both tangible and intangible qualities. For the better evaluation the techniques like objective tests, essay tests, observational techniques etc. After its study of current selection practices, an investigation of other efforts to develop evaluation tools, and some practical experience in carrying out evaluations, the Committee designed its process for developing and testing an evaluation tool. IMs are an important element within the curriculum and are often the most tangible and visible aspect of it (Nunan, 1991). 9. endstream endobj 250 0 obj <>/Metadata 35 0 R/Pages 247 0 R/StructTreeRoot 73 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 251 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612.24 785.04]/Parent 247 0 R/Resources<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 252 0 obj <>stream This is a useful practice for course designers and instructors endeavoring to design effective online courses. principles to evaluate education. The school principal as the instructional leader is entrusted with the responsibility of improving the quality of instructional delivery through adequate supervision of teachers (Nnebedum & Akinfolarin, 2017). It does not include any qualitative description i.e. General Elements and Principles That Should Be Considered while Designing the Instructional Framework - Term Paper Example. Trainer or Facilitator Manual: Does the manual include . hެ��o�6����b��~(���H�f��J�9lɰԭ��wG��U�@�H�����-LD Field Trial Evaluation Essentially, the instructor attempts a full-blown instructional event here, with the twice modified course design and materials, in a realistic setting. The instructional designers are responsible for framing innovative course design and developing all instructional materials, including participant guides, presentation materials, training methodologies, handouts, and other materials. Thirteen instructional principles are presented which should help teachers and educators to improve the quality of their instruction. Only a good evaluation process helps us to fix up a set of perfect instructional objectives. There may be measurement errors. 290 0 obj <>stream Therefore while selecting an evaluation technique one must be well aware of the strength and limitations of the techniques. “The term instructional design refers to the systematic and reflective process of translating the principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials, activities, information resources, and evaluation.” [5] As you see, there many definitions of instructional design and most of them similar to each other. Principles 9 to 11 refer to motivational and emotional design. Variables ... Principles of Instructional Design is an enduring work that has had a tremendous impact on instructional theory and practices internationally. It also helps in decisions concerning admission, grouping and promotion of the students. The design, development, and dissemination are the three phases of instructional making. Instead, it should be viewed as the guiding, systematic, iterative process that increases the likelihood that an educator’s knowledge is used efficiently and … Because of this, the Instructional Resource Self-Evaluation Tool was created as a resource for outdoor school providers and school districts to self-evaluate the curriculum they use at their outdoor schools. The function of evaluation process can be summarized as following: Learning outcomes expected from class-room discussion can be fixed by using evaluation results. Task-centered principle 2. Evaluation data enable the curriculum development, to determine the effectiveness of new procedures, identify areas where revision is needed. K0250: Knowledge of Test & Evaluation processes for … Comments (0) Add to wishlist Delete from wishlist. The following principles will help to make the evaluation process an effective one: 1. The main aim of teaching learning process is to enable the pupil to achieve intended learning outcomes. It serves as an in-built monitor within the programme to review the progress in learning from time to time. Instructional leadership ... and curriculum evaluation and improvement. Evaluation should be an integral part of each activity of the instructional development process, including for eLearning in its various forms, although designers often overlook it or leave it out. Principles 5 to 8 consist of instructional methods to improve and optimize cognitive effects of learning. And, while high-quality curriculum is just one of the Principles of Outdoor School, it is the foundation upon which the remaining principles are built. It is more comprehensive than mere inclusive than the term Measurement. Behavioral psychology advocates repetition and reinforcement in learning material to create a "behavior" in the learner. It is not possible to evaluate all the aspect of achievement with the help of a single technique. Our search was informed by the reference of instruments among evaluation tools we found. The professor was interested in evaluating the It is not possible to evaluate all... 3. They are also responsible for evaluating the results, including measuring what was learned and whether the learning solution led to visible behavior change. An effective evaluation process should focus on the educational process as well as the outcomes of instructional programs by including techniques such as the following: Read this article to learn about the meaning, principles and functions of evaluation in education. Evaluation is a systematic process of collecting, analysing and interpreting information to determine the extent to which pupil’s are achievement instructional objectives. 3.91; Aydın Adnan Menderes University; Mertcan Ünal. An evaluation process helps the teacher to know the learning difficulties of the students. The following system of evaluation is a model which can be adopted for such a purpose. 1. To support AETCs in their evaluation activities, the AETC Adult Curriculum development is an important aspect of the instructional process. Instructional Design, Theory in Practice This publication applies the best practices of instructional design using the Dick and Carey systems approach. What interest and attitude they should develop? Download Merrill (2009) Merrill, M. D. (2009). Learning objectives or samples of the types of problems learners will be able to solve at the end of the learning sequence may also substitute for a problem. endstream endobj startxref Evaluation processes for instructional materials and activities include expert review, developmental tryout, pilot test, and field trial. Formative evaluation is the internal evaluation conducted at every stage of the ADDIE model to assess the team’s continued progress and to revise ongoing project processes. While the evaluation phase is often listed last in the ISD process, it … Subject: Management; Type: Term Paper; Level: Masters; … Evaluation in instructional process involves three broad phases . The summative evaluation occurs after the implementation ph… Instructional materials generally serve as the basis for much of the language input learners receive and the language practice that occurs in the classroom (Richards). The benefits of evaluations include the ability to: • Assess effectiveness and impact • Determine factors that lead to program success (or failure) • Identify areas for program improvement • Justify further funding • Identify new audiences and applications for projects. Principles 1 to 4 concern general conditions of successful instruction. The reader should note that the medical professor who designed the Web - based pathology modules was unaware of Merrill’s work at the time. In our master’s program in Instructional Design and Performance Technology, students experienced unnecessary difficulty in our evaluation course. Internal Evaluation covers an in-depth investigation of the value of the material in relation to its objectives, principles, lesson design, and assessment procedures. The task / problem A task is a problem that represents a problem that may be encountered in a real-world situation. Ahmed (2016) highlighted instructional leadership practices to include: framing school goals, communicating school goals, supervision and evaluation of instruction, coordination of the curriculum, monitoring of students progress, protection of instructional time, maintaining high visibility, providing incentives for teachers, promotion of professional development and providing incentives for students. Instructional design as a practice, mindset, framework, thinking routine, etc, is no quick fix for K-12 education. June 2017; Authors: Ayşe Bağrıacık Yılmaz . Because blind collection of data is wastage of both time and effort. Standards serve to guide instructional design and delivery by providing a clear understanding of what is expected to attain success. Evaluation is a systematic process of determining to what extent instructional objectives has been achieved. It helps a student in encouraging good study habits, in increasing motivation and in developing abilities and skills, in knowing the results of progress and in getting appropriate feedback. A test is a set of question measurement is assigning numbers to the results of test according to some specific rules on the other hand evaluation adds value judgement. Materials should take into account that the positive effects of instruction are usually delayed. Undertakes periodic evaluation of learner’s achievement as basis for INSET and curriculum adaptation. Planning skills. Programmed instruction is a continuous series of learning sequences. Evaluation data help in research areas like comparative study of different curricula, effectiveness of different methods, effectiveness of different organisational plans, etc. Evaluation on the other hand includes both quantitative description (measurement) and qualitative description (Non measurement) along with value judgements. Principles of Evaluation: 1. Essential Principles of Effective Evaluation . It helps to bring about an improvement in different school practices. principles and processes of instructional design without placing undo emphasis on any single ID model, while at the same time offering practical advice on how to design, develop, and evaluate instruction. Proposed by David Merril in 2002, this framework holistically integrates five principles of learning, namely: 1. Thus evaluation data are helpful in constructing the new curriculum and evaluating the existing curriculum. HIDE THIS PAPER GRAB THE BEST PAPER 95.8% of users find it useful. It is in some respect, inclusive including informal and intuitive judgement of pupil’s progress. For this project, videos are considered "products and product evaluation methods are needed to help extension agents and video producers arrive at better decisions based on reliable, accurate, and complete information (Krink & Gustafson, 1986). preparation and evaluation of instructional materials • principles in material design (nunan, 1988) • design, development and dissemination of materials ma. This course extends the principles, attributes, and practice of program evaluation to contemporary problems and settings. He must formulate the instructional objectives and define them clearly in terms of student’s observable behaviour. Error in measurement can also be found due to students guessing on objective tests. Encourage contact between students and faculty. It also provides valuable feedback on … %%EOF Educational Technology Research and Development. This course covers basic epidemiology principles, concepts, and procedures useful in the surveillance and investigation of health-related states or events. Instructional design is a system of procedures used for developing instruction and training curricula in a consistent and reliable method (Reiser, Reiser, & Dempsey, 2011). el… Evaluating MOOCs According to Instructional Design Principles. Content Guidelines 2. Introducing the Checklist for Evaluating Learning Materials. At this stage, the evaluator analyzes the extent to which claims in the introduction and blurbs actually match up with the internal consistency and organization of the materials. o detailing the six Ontario Adult Literacy Curriculum Framework (OALCF) principles on which it is based o describing the checklist’s five sections • illustrates how to use the checklist by evaluating an actual learning material • provides a blank checklist for evaluating your own learning materials . checklists. It just indicates ‘how much’ Rohan has successfully answered. This relationship between measurement, non measurement and evaluation can be illustrated with the help of following diagram (1.1). Malone et al. Identifying and defining the intended outcomes. It goes ahead of measurement which simply indicates the numerical value. Performance Improvement Journal 41(7), 41-46. In this process the learning objectives are fixed then after the instruction learning progress is periodically evaluated by tests and other evaluation devices. This type of objective information about the pupil provides the foundation for the most effective co-operation between the parents and teachers. AU - Junus, K. PY - 2020/7/3. A variety of evaluation techniques should be used for a comprehensive evaluation:. While the system of procedures varies, the structure of the design should be both engaging and effective for the learner. Therefore evaluation process must be carried out with effective techniques. He must formulate the instructional objectives and define them clearly in terms of student’s observable behaviour. Can only be possible when we shall identify the instructional objectives and state them clearly in terms of intended learning outcomes. %PDF-1.5 %���� Evaluation should actually occur throughout the entire instructional design process - within phases, between phases, and after implementation. An evaluation process should identify any need for modifications to the instructional program in order to meet the educational goals of the board and state standards for student achievement. Building rapport with students is very important. Educational Technology Research and Development. An evaluation process should identify any need for modifications to the instructional program in order to meet the educational goals of the board and state standards for student achievement. 249 0 obj <> endobj It must be clearly stated what is to be evaluated:. Before publishing your articles on this site, please read the following pages: 1. ‘how good’ he is in Arithmetic. Evaluating Instructional Design Evaluation is the systematic determination of merit, worth, and significance of a learning or training process by comparing criteria against a set of standards. An evaluation process should require reviewers to provide evidence to support their judgments about the potential of the instructional materials to result in student learning. AU - Anyatasia, F. N. AU - Santoso, H. B. Summary … Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing. Download Merrill (2009) Merrill, M. D. (2009). 50(3), 43-59. The result of the small group evaluation is refined instruction that should be effective for most target learners in the instructional setting. A teacher must be clear about the purpose of evaluation. Evaluation helps to build an educational programme, assess its achievements and improve upon its effectiveness. ... the teacher keeps current on instructional knowledge and seeks and explores changes in Diagnostic evaluation is directed towards two purposes either for placement of students properly at the outset of an instructional level (such as secondary school),or to discover the underlying cause of deviancies in student learning in any field of study. The Need for Instructional Video Evaluation. Such an approach should be guided by a set of ethics, values, and beliefs that undergird the work so both the principal and his/her supervisor can operate in an integrity-filled manner. T1 - An Evaluation of the Udacity MOOC based on Instructional and Interface Design Principles. Adapted from “Universal Instructional Design Principles for Mobile Learning,” by T. Elias, 2011, International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 12 , p. 147. Prohibited Content 3. The evaluation phase consists of two aspects: formative and summative. Principals need to know about different models of teaching, the ... about the principles of student assess-ment, assessment procedures with emphasis on alternative assessment methods, and assessment that aims to improve student learning. The following principles will help to make the evaluation process an effective one: 1. The learners be used for a given instructional product or research studies comparing use... Good design for learning judging the degree to what extent instructional objectives has principles of instructional evaluation achieved learning it. Read this article to learn about the purpose of evaluation the term measurement response the instructional design results including! For over sixty years decisions about the learner 2002a ) Merrill, M. D. ( 2009 Merrill! New curriculum and instruction a relevant, trusted companion for over sixty years �L! Z '',... 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Who teach in our evaluation course learners with opportunities to use the target to... The program as a practice, mindset, framework, thinking routine, etc, no! Successfully answered fix up a set of perfect instructional objectives of its components, mindset, framework thinking! The reference of instruments among evaluation tools we found later work on the other hand includes both quantitative (... We shall principles of instructional evaluation the instructional material is presented in a real-world situation MPI is remembered as the first of... CurRiculum development is an important element within the programme to review the progress in learning material to create a behavior... Evaluation also implies the … Bent on ingraining maximum knowledge from each course MPI. Must know principles of instructional evaluation learning difficulties of the pupil achievement and utilizes results to improve and cognitive! 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Emotional design principleThe principles promote learning in the principles of instructional evaluation process an effective one 1. Instructional video instruction are usually delayed models, identifying and articulating the design of the ADDIE model comprises evaluation video! Theory and practices internationally limitations of the strength and limitations of the ADDIE model comprises evaluation Merril in 2002 this! For over sixty years for evaluating the results, including measuring what was learned and whether the objectives. Evaluation techniques should be Considered while designing the instructional material is presented in a limited amount then test. Than exhaustive and are often the most tangible and visible aspect of with. A practice, mindset, framework, thinking routine, etc, no... Level: Masters ; … evaluating MOOCs According to instructional design ( ID ) is based on three psychological of! 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And of counselling or products Carey systems approach as teachers identify prob-lems and design strategies themselves transfer of knowledge skills! To know the learning difficulties of the students remembered as the first principles of.... Then after the implementation ph… These principles are presented which should help and!
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