german army organization ww2

Its chief was Colonel General Keitel. List of German military units of World War II#Army Groups (Heeresgruppen), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_German_Army_Groups_in_WWII&oldid=949232459, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 5 April 2020, at 09:19. The company was organized on a quasi-military basis. Jun 27, 2014 - Infantry Battalion Organization | 1939 infantry division 1 1944 infantry division 1. During the Polish campaign there were four motorized infantry divisions, each consisting of three infantry regiments and one motorized artillery regiment. Furthermore, the division had one artillery brigade, which consisted of 2 artillery regiments, which consisted of 2 artillery battalions each. The firepower of the regiment consisted of: List of German corps in World War II. In practice, however, the tank strength at the time of mobilization was clearly below this TOE strength and was on average around 320 vehicles strong. “Military service is honorary service to the German people. In 1939 the GermanReich was divided into thirteen geographical military districts, each of which provided the pe… "Army Group North" became "Army Group Courland", "Army Group Centre" became "Army Group North" and "Army Group A" became "Army Group Centre". Army Group Upper Rhine (Heeresgruppe Oberrhein) Army Group Vistula (Heeresgruppe Weichsel) Notes. The German Army had four classifications of military service; Active, Reserve, Landwehr and Landsturm. Two important points, first a squad rarely acted alone on the battlefield, it was used in coordination with other squads of its platoon and/or company. Until 1939 there was only one cavalry formation in the German army, the 1st cavalry brigade. During World War II, a total of about 13.6 million soldiers served in the German Army.Army personnel were made up of volunteers and conscripts. Major units above corps level are listed here. It should be noted, however, that the use of horses for a variety of tasks was widespread and remained so throughout the Second World War. Welle) Infanterie-Division (7. Bavaria still had it's own nominally independent army, consisting of the I, II and III Bavarian Army Corps. For more, read ‘Infantry Tactics of the Second World War’ by Stephen Bull and Gordon L Rottman, or ‘World War II Infantry Tactics: Squad and Platoon’ and ‘World War II Infantry Tactics: Company and Battalion’, both by Stephen Bull. Heer Organization; Glossary of German Military Terms; WW2 Germany Statistics, Numbers, and Losses; WW2 German Identification Documents and Tags; Weapons and equipment; If you have a question about a concept or something specific, you can post a message in our German Armed Forces Forum. The Training of A German Soldier During the Second World War After the Germans lost World War I, the Treaty of Versailles, signed June 28, 1919, set the terms and conditions of peace. Your email address will not be published. The German Army which was built up under the Nazi regime and which challenged the world in 1939 was the final product of this study. Organization of the Wehrmacht. 85 light machine guns MG34, 120 infantry divisions, 50. 1. These either are combined as components of battalions, regiments, and divisions, or temporarily grouped in varying combinations as components of task forces or combat groups. Approximate organization strength of the major types of the German Army divisions in 1939: Approximate organization strength of the major types of the German Army divisions in 1941: Here to Germany Army Unit Organisation 1942-45. The OKWconducted operations in the Western Theatre. At that time there were two and a half million men in the German army, of which the Waffen-SS contributed about 100,000. Note that each of the four corps contained a different number of divisions. "Army Group North" became "Army Group Courland", "Army Group Centre" became "Army Group North" and "Army Group A" became "Army … This law brought back into existence a free-standing German army, navy and air force, something that had been essentially banned after the end of World War I. At the start of the war, army communications Now Hitler could ignore the few remaining voices in the Wehrmacht that advised caution, and the German forces were transferred to the West for the invasion of France and the Low countries. It approximated to the British battalion, artillery regiment or tank regiment. The reconnaissance battalion was equipped with armored reconnaissance vehicles and motorcyclists, and the division also had its own motorized battalion for signals/communications and other services. The regiment has been in existence since at least the 17 th and 18 th centuries when it was the primary … Organization of the formations and units of the German Army from the Polish campaign til Operation Barbarossa 1941. 4 motorized infantry divisions, Originally, the German military high command, for their air warfare forces, decided to use an organizational structure similar to the army and navy, treating the aviation branch as a strategic weapon of war. The divisions set up with the third and fourth waves had significantly less artillery support than the previous formations. The units, formations, and organization of the German Navy (Kriegsmarine), including ships and naval ground units. 16,500-17,200 (35 divisions of 1st wave 18,000, 48 (8 x 15cm, 36 x 10.5cm leFH, 4 x 10.5cm guns), 42 (24 x 10.5cm leFH, 12 x 15cm, 6 x 15cm SIG33 SP-guns), 30 (2 x 2cm, 4 x 8.8 cm, 24 x SdKfz 10/4). Klink, E. "The Organization of the German Military High Command in World War II," Revue Internationale d’Histoire Militaire (1980), v. 47 pp. 10 tank divisions, The main part of each mechanized Army … The Medium Artillery section was originally not a division unit, which was only made available to the artillery regiment. Organization of the formations and units of the German Army from the Polish campaign til Operation Barbarossa 1941. World War II Armed Forces — Orders of Battle and Organizations: Last Updated 02.11.2020: WWII Orders of Battle and Organizations. Todt was rewarded for supporting Hitler with the contract to build the Autobahn, the first modern highway system. Two 15-cm infantry guns. At the time of the mobilization on 26 August 1939, the German army had 51 divisions: 35 infantry divisions, 4 motorized infantry divisions, 5 Panzer (tank) divisions and one tank brigade, 4 light divisions and 3 mountain divisions. 12 3.7cm PAK 36 anti-tank guns, From 1943, the lack of available replacements for the Wehrmacht began to become apparent, reducing the division’s TOE strength and introducing a new organization. Army Commands (Oberbefehlshaber. Each of the tank divisions had two fully motorized infantry regiments, which were to be renamed Panzer Grenadieres in 1942. Time to take a look a German Squad Tactics in World War 2. R002384 "BRITISH WEB EQUIPMENT OF THE TWO WORLD WARS; EUROPA MILITARIA NO. Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/join/mhvThe organization and structure of a German infantry division. It provides a classic case history of how an intelligence organization develops in response to the requirements of intelligence consumers and its success in satisfying them. The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht or OKW (Wehrmacht High Command, Armed Forces High Command) was part of the command structure of the German armed forces during World War II. Fritz Todt (1891-1942) was an engineer who an early supporter of Hitler and the NAZIs. The division was equipped with a combination of Panzer I and Panzer II light tanks, armed only with machine guns or a 2-cm fast-fire cannon, Czech Panzer 35(t) and Panzer 38(t) and some modern Panzer III and Panzer IV medium tanks. On January 12, 1945 Hitler renamed three army groups. The battalion was divided into one machine-gun company and three rifle companies only in infantry divisions of the first wave, while the divisions of subsequent waves had mixed companies. 6th Mountain Division 7. The Nazi German Army, Heer, was formed in May of 1935. Second, the main source for this is the US Manual “German Squad in Combat” from the Military Intelligence Service released in January 1943. Instruction video about how the German WWII squad was structured. Neither does it adhere to the traditions of any former German military organization. Between 1933 and 1945, the organization of the Luftwaffe underwent several changes. Notes. On January 12, 1945 Hitler renamed three army groups. Development of the number of divisions up to 1941, German Orders of Battle for September 1, 1939, German Orders of Battle for the campaign in the West, May 1940, German Orders of Battle – Operation Barbarossa, 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte-SS-Adolf Hitler, 9th SS Hohenstaufen from Arnhem to the end, Finnish Armed Forces in the Winter War 1939-40, German Orders of Battle – Battle of France, German Orders of Battle – Kursk July 1943, German Orders of Battle at the armistice with France, Luftwaffe and German Airborne Forces May 1940, Luftwaffe Orders of Battle September 1942, Luftwaffe Orders of Battle September 2, 1939. Germany not only had to admit its guilt for causing the war, but also lost much territory while its forces were greatly reduced. It is a partial translation of a German publication and using other sources, I could correct some small errors and inconsistencies, nevertheless take everything with … Kriegsmarine The Nazi German Navy 1935-1945. 50. This is a list of formations of the United States Army during the Second World War.Many of these formations still exist today, though many by different designations. The Reichswehr's visual acknowledgement of the new National Socialist reality came on 17 February 1934, when the Defense Ministry ordered the Nazi Party eagle-and-swastika, now Germany's National Emblem, to be worn on uniform blouses and headgear effective 1 May. When World War II began, the entire Heer was split into two separate parts. Niehorster Download page for THE GERMAN WORLD WAR II ORGANIZATIONAL SERIES (PDF files) 1/I: 01.09.1939 Mechanized Army Formations and Waffen-SS Formations - (3rd Revised Edition, dated 28.07.2007) View: Contents | Sample 1 | Sample 2 1/II-1: … Welle) Infanterie-Division (6. Organizations. Jun 27, 2014 - Infantry Battalion Organization | 1939 infantry division 1 1944 infantry division 1 .. In theory, it served as the military general staff for Adolf Hitler's Third Reich, coordinating the efforts of the German Army (Heer), Navy (Kriegsmarine), and Air Force (Luftwaffe). Megargee, G.P. On paper, this resulted in a total of 561 tanks, including reserve and staff vehicles. The German Army (German: Heer, German: (), lit. The basic large unit was the Army, of which there were three types: infantry, tank and shock. For the attack on Russia, the Wehrmacht deployed Commonwealth Army World War II Militaria Medals & Ribbons (1939-1945) German Army World War II Militaria (1939-1945) Documents & Maps Go to next slide - You may also like Until May 1940 the Wehrmacht had the following divisions: Below is the Script to video, note that this is not an article and is probably not really meaningful without the video. Until the start of Operation Barbarossa, the attack on Soviet Russia, the organization of the German divisions was identical to that of the Western campaign in 1940. The decisive and lightning, but hard-fought victory over Poland with losses of 10,600 killed, 30,000 wounded and 3,400 missing, surprised the world. Published in 1945, the U.S. Army technical manual on the German military organization notes the opening clause of the Military Service Law issued by Hitler on May 21, 1935. 6 7.5-cm infantry guns and Note that each of the four corps contained a different number of divisions. TheFeldheer (Field Army) was created for the exclusive control of all military operations, andthe Ersatzheer (Replacement Army) was created to control all the training, procurement andadministration of the Heimatkriegsgebiet (Zone of the Interior). Taking into account their intended use, the mountain divisions had a large share of light and easy-to-handle equipment. The following accounting of German divisions by month from September 1939 to May 1945 by front was compiled from the works of Georg Tessin in his epic accounting of the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS titled: Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS 1939-1945. Even in the Blitzkrieg there was still room for the cavalry, because on 25 October 1939 the brigade was renamed to the 1st cavalry division and strengthened in December with the 2nd cavalry brigade. 32". Further reading [edit | edit source]. Additionally in some cases there were also cavalry, engineer and medical units attached. Welle) Infanterie-Division (2. It had to pay an immense amount of compensation for war damage as well. 157, 15… Saved from wwiivehicles.com. World War II Armed Forces Orders of Battle and Organizations. Jun 27, 2014 - Infantry Battalion Organization | 1939 infantry division 1 1944 infantry division 1. The Todt Organization was a German construction firm founded by Dr. Fritz Todt. See also: German Orders of Battle for the campaign in the West, May 1940. In March 1939 the operational control of the Armed Forces was unified under the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW) whose chief was Generaloberst (Colonel-General) Keitel. The Royal Saxon 24th Reserve Division (Kgl. Please note: This post contains amazon affiliate links. In terms of organisation, the standard US Army battalion was similar to the British. Most of the heavy anti-aircraft batteries were under the command of the Luftwaffe, but were assigned to the army for special tasks. In the Wehrmacht, the Abteilung was a formation of varying strength, somewhere between a regiment, battery or squadron. The division was disbanded in 1919 during the demobilization of the German Army after World War I. The List of World War II military units of Germany contains all military units to serve with the armed forces of Germany during World War II. Artillery of the Great War. Sächsische 24. The following was the organization of the Rifle Company of the British Army from April 1943 through the end of World War II, with a minor change to the company headquarters noted in November 1944. Its official ethos is based on three major themes: the ... (Germany had invaded France twice in living memory, in World War I and World War II, and also defeated France in the Franco-German War of 1870/71; (see also French–German enmity). back to PART I about the Wehrmacht Organization of the Wehrmacht In March 1939 the operational control of the Armed Forces was unified under the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW) whose chief was Generaloberst (Colonel- General) Keitel. Saved from wwiivehicles.com. The Wehrmacht alone had 175 infantry divisions in June 1941. Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site! See also: German Orders of Battle – Operation Barbarossa. Bavaria also maintained a separate supply train and air force throughout the war. Reichswehr The German Imperial Army … In addition, the SS Verfügungstruppe (‘disposal troops’; from April 1940 known as Waffen-SS) provided three motorized infantry divisions and a brigade. anchour. As a rule, however, they had a light tank battalion, one or two regiments of mounted infantry with two or three battalions each, a motorized artillery regiment with 24 105 mm leFH field howitzers, an anti-tank battalion with 36 3.7-cm PAK 36 and 12 20 mm Flak 38, and a motorized reconnaissance battalion or a reconnaissance regiment with armored cars. The artillery regiment was divided into three field artillery Abteilung (sections), each with three batteries of four 105 mm leFH 18 field guns. All information, figures, specifications and statistics used here had been compiled from a variety of sources and the large, over decades collected, library of the author about military history, WW2 and weapons. The units, formations, and organizations of the Nazi German Army. On January 12, 1945 Hitler renamed three army groups. 4 light motorized infantry divisions, The Wehrmacht directed combat operations during World War II (from 1 September 1939 – 8 May 1945) as the German Reich's armed forces umbrella command-organization. Video. In the infantry battalion there were three rifle companies (about 180 men with one anti-tank platoon), one machine gun company with three machine guns platoons (12 men each and two heavy machine guns) and one heavy mortar platoon with three groups of 19 men each with two 8.1 cm mortars (grenade launchers). of all German armed forces. The next level up was the Infantry Battalion, which consisted of 1 Battalion Headquarters, 1 Headquarters Company, 1 Support Company, and 4 Rifle Companies. German Organisation in WW2 German SS Panzergrenadier Company (Motorized) (1944-45) Headquarters 3 Rifle Platoons Headquarters 3 Squads 2 x 9mm SMG 1 x PSK 2 x 7.92mm LMG 2 x G98 Rifle (Assistant LMG Gunners) 4 x G98 Rifle Weapons Platoon Headquarters 2 HMG Squads 2 HMG Sections 1 x 7.92mm HMG Mortar Squad 2 Mortar Sections 1 x 81mm Mortar Anti-tank Squad 4 x PSK As this chart shows, the First Army, in addition to commanding the four corps, had a variety of supporting military units under its own command. Known as the Infantry Division 1944, this new formation had a strength of 12,772 men as opposed to the 17,734 soldiers of a division in 1939, although its firepower had actually increased. After the mobilization this peace army was strengthened by 16 reserve divisions, 21 ‘Home Guard’ divisions and 14 supplementary divisions. 3 mountain divisions and Another feature of the German army was the decentralization of heavy weapons within the division, so that each regiment had its own anti-tank and infantry gun companies. In theory, the OKW was only Hitler's military office, was charged with translating Hitler's ideas into military orders, and had little real control … German Tank Division (1939) – Organization and Structure – Visualization. Welle) Infanterie-Division (4. As of April 2020, the German Army had a strength of 64,036 soldiers. Intro – Distribution of Men. In addition, by the Western campaign in May 1940, the number of tank divisions had doubled to 10, mainly by converting a number of Light Divisions. 18 8.1-cm grenade launchers, The regiments were divided into four cavalry squadrons and one ‘heavy’ squadron with six 8 cm mortars and four 7.5 cm cannons with a total strength of about 1,400 men each. Germany's Tables of Organization and Equipment (TOE) Saved by Eddie Smith. Depending on requirements, these artillery batteries were used by the higher staffs or assigned to subordinate units for reinforcement at battle focal points. As of April 2020, the German Army had a strength of 64,036 soldiers. Infantry divisions were set up in waves and the divisions of each wave varied in size, organization and equipment, depending on the availability of men and material and their intended use in the field. There was an HQ and HQ company, three rifle companies (which in turn contained three rifle platoons and one heavy weapons platoon), a heavy weapons company, a medical section and service trains (i.e. Your email address will not be published. for transport). Organization of the Wehrmacht, Third Reich and Nazi Party with Power balance of Germany during WW2. The army was led by the Army High Command Oberkommando des Heeres – OKH for short – with its general staff. The German Army which was built up under the Nazi regime and which challenged the world in 1939 was the final product of this study. The operations by the Kriegsmarine in the North and Mid-Atlantic can also be considered as se… They were not sufficiently armed and armored for a divisional unit, and after the Polish campaign they were upgraded to tank divisions. By 1914, the German Army was organized into established Army Corps, most of which were commanded by the Prussian Army. Concise and easy to understand explanations of small military unit organizations. OUR RESEARCH THEMES Select Theme. In the 19 volumes that comprise this work each division has listed a monthly assignment showing higher … The German Army, like the U.S. Army, believes in uniform organization for standard units up to and including companies, troops, and batteries. anchour. For smaller units, see List of German corps in World War II and List of German divisions in World War II. The 35 divisions set up as part of the original wave still had a total strength of almost 18,000 men, while the following wave had a total strength of about 15,000 men. In addition to division artillery, which could differ in equipment and organization in each division, armies and corps also had their own additional batteries of medium and heavy artillery. Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription. Their flexible structure, which was based on the battalion instead of the regiment, as well as their first-class training made them powerful opponents, and they had an elite status within the Wehrmacht. Despite the advent of more modern communications and sensor technology since World War II, similar army group organization has been mostly adhered to in the modern day in conflicts such as Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. This is a list of German Army Groups in World War II. The typical strength was two infantry regiments, each consisting of three battalions. I'm in the fortunate position to combine all my interests with my work and to live on a place of my choice, on Crete. An infantry division consisted of three infantry regiments (approx. 129–57 Goerlitz, W. History of the German General Staff, 1657–1945 (Praeger, 1953). The organization and conduct of such Kampfgruppen (battle groups) was so impressive that NATO commanders studied them during the Cold War. In open terrain, however, against conventionally equipped enemy units, they suffered from their lack of heavy equipment and firepower. 1 cavalry division. The most important formations in the German army were the division, which consisted of one of the five basic types: infantry, motorized infantry, tank, light or mountain divisions. 5th Mountain Division 6. The infantry regiment had its own headquarters with a staff company and a messenger, bicycle and engineer platoon. The Panzer division during the Polish and Western campaigns consisted of two tank regiments with two battalions each to four companies with 32 tanks each. Germany's Tables of Organization and Equipment (TOE) Saved by Eddie Smith. Welle) Infanterie-Division (8. In contrast to the practice in most other armies, the engineer battalion and reconnaissance Abteilung were also combat units, often leading the attacks with flamethrowers and anti-tank guns. World War II Armed Forces — Orders of Battle and Organizations: Last Updated 02.11.2020: WWII Orders of Battle and Organizations. 5. History page about the second world war. 'Army') was the land forces component of the Wehrmacht, the regular German Armed Forces, from 1935 until it ceased to exist in 1945 and then formally dissolved in August 1946. Dr. Niehorster’s previously published works include “The Royal Hungarian Army, 1920–1945”, which was acclaimed as one of the Top Ten Books of 1999, and is considered by many experts to be the single most important English language history on the Hungarian Army. Its chief was Colonel General Keitel. The organization of the American First Army on the eve of Operation COBRA is pictured here. In the mountains or in rugged areas, the mountain divisions proved to be successful. German Army Handbook, April 1918, introduction by David Nash, published by Arms and Armour Press, London, 1977 ; Stormtroop Tactics, Innovation in the German Army, 1914-1918, by Bruce I. Gudmundsson, published by Praeger Publishers, 1989 ; Imperial German Army 1914-1918, Organization, Structure, Orders of Battle, by Herman Crom, Heilion & Company, 2002 We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. remarkable expansion of German army communications intelligence in World War II. Welle) Infanterie-Division (5. The motorized infantry divisions were supposed to keep pace with the fast advancing tank divisions and were therefore completely equipped with motor vehicles. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. The anti-tank Abteilung consisted of 24 motorized 3.7-cm PAK 36 and was supplemented by the two regimental anti-tank companies, each of which had nine 3.7-cm-Pak and three (Czech) 4.7-cm-Pak. This made it possible for the Panzer divisions to be the sharp blade of the German army. Copyright © 2006-2020 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED - THE OPERATORS OF THIS SITE DISSOCIATE THEMSELVES FROM CONTENTS OF OTHER WEBSITES, WHICH ARE LINKED ON THESE PAGES. Pistols are P08 (Parabellum). Included are formations that were placed on rolls, but never organized, as well as "phantom" formations used in the Allied Operation Quicksilver deception of 1944—these are marked accordingly. 27 5-cm grenade launchers, In March 1939, theWehrmacht Supreme Command Oberkommando der Wehrmacht – or OKW for short – was founded to control the operations of the German armed forces. This division consisted of three infantry regiments (about 2,000 men each), o… Wehrmachtsgefolge Auxiliary Organizations. Later, I have learned programming and the development of computer games, and finally with the Internet, also web design. 14 motorized infantry divisions and Welle) Infanterie-Division (3. These batteries could appear in the caliber size from the 88 mm gun Flak gun to the gigantic 60 cm siege mortar on self-propelled mount, the Karl mortar. In 1925, with Germany increasingly departing from the Versailles restrictions, the army set up six posts specifically for interception. Each battalion consisted of five companies. The 24th Reserve Division fought on the … What Role did the Regiment have in World War 2? At the beginning of 1940, however, four infantry divisions were again transformed into ‘Light Divisions’, although their structure was now more that of an infantry division. They tended to be smaller than Western armies — an infantry army usually controlled 4-8 rifle divisions, with 6 being average. In March 1939, the Wehrmacht Supreme Command Oberkommando der Wehrmacht – or OKW for short – was founded to control the operations of the German armed forces . Required fields are marked *. 22 June 1941 Armeekorps: Infanterie-Division (1. Each had three or four receivers served around the clock by about 20 radiomen. The three mountain divisions were organized similarly to the usual infantry divisions, although their organization in the field varied according to circumstances. 3,000 men each) and one artillery regiment, as well as supporting division units, such as the anti-tank, signal and reconnaissance Abteilung, as well as ambulance and supply services, the engineer battalion and a field replacement battalion. List of German divisions in World War II; List of World War II military units of Germany This page was last edited on 21 March 2020, at 09:57 (UTC). 1942." The German Army (German: Deutsches Heer) is the land component of the armed forces of Germany.The present-day German Army was founded in 1955 as part of the newly formed West German Bundeswehr together with the Marine (German Navy) and the Luftwaffe (German Air Force). See also: German Orders of Battle for September 1, 1939. 129 infantry divisions, One of the most important and fundamental aspects of WWII German organizationwas the concept of the Wehrkries, or Corps Area. This is a list of Imperial German infantry regiments before and during World War I.In peacetime, the Imperial German Army included 217 regiments of infantry (plus the instruction unit, Lehr Infantry Battalion).Some of these regiments had a history stretching back to the 17th Century, while others were only formed as late as October 1912. To serve in the field varied according to circumstances ’ dd243bb4-b449-4a53-b6a6-1e90c4445475′ ] was only made to! 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Reserve-Division ) was so impressive that NATO commanders studied them during the demobilization of the most important fundamental! Brigade, which was only made available to the artillery regiment this division consisted two! Including reserve and staff vehicles: https: //www.patreon.com/join/mhvThe organization and structure of a German division... Banned from the Polish campaign til Operation Barbarossa bit different that that of Western armies, which was one... Were used by the Army set up in 1937 and 1938 were motorized cavalry formations that varied their... The Command of the Wehrkries, or corps Area Operation COBRA is pictured here 21 ‘ Guard! 1945 Hitler renamed three Army groups this post contains amazon affiliate links on requirements, artillery. Lead to some confusion is PROHIBITED various corps each of the heavy anti-aircraft batteries were under the Command of “. An amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases the three mountain divisions were needed, lost. 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