This week, I finally got around to doing that! The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction(s) regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part of. Title: Microsoft Word - COMMON FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN BIOCHEMISTRY.doc Author: Chris' Laptop Created Date: 1/21/2004 5:25:42 PM Quiz on Functional Groups General Strategy For Naming Simple Organic Compounds (Bare bones summary sheets) 1. Find the longest chain containing the highest priority group. The following is a list of common functional groups. The Functional Groups, R-Z Functional Group Z Name Suffix (or Prefix) Used in Systematic Name-OH-OR-R Alkane Alkene Alkyne Arene-X (Cl, Br, I, or F) Haloalkane Alcohol Ether-NH 2 Aldehyde Ketone Carboxylic Acid Ester Amide Amine-ane-ene-yne not responsible halo--ol not responsible-al-one-oic acid-oate-amide amino-Nomenclature Review 1650 – 1600 (conj.) • Functional Group: a specific group of atoms which exists in a molecule and gives a molecule an ability to react in a specific manner or gives it special properties Functional groups may allow a molecule to: • Act as an acid, a base, or both • React with specific chemicals Priority table of functional groups of organic chemistry www.vaxasoftware.com Formula Function Sufix (main function) Prefix (secondary function) Example O || R−C−OH Acid −oic acid carboxyl − CH 3−COOH Ethanoic acid O || R−C−O−R' Ester −yl −oate CH 3−COO −CH 3 … In the formulas, the symbols R and R' usually denote an attached hydrogen, or a hydrocarbon side chain of any length, but may sometimes refer to any group of atoms. Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/Acronyms-Groups.pdf 1 TABLE OF ACRONYMS FOR FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN ORGANIC REACTIONS © Dr. John Andraos, 2000 - … w to m =C-H bend 995 – 685 s See Table … In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Functional groups table. Characteristic IR Absorption Peaks of Functional Groups* Vibration Position (cm-1) Intensity* Notes Alkanes C-H stretch 2990 – 2850 m to s Alkenes =C-H stretch 3100 – 3000 m C=C stretch 1680 – 1620 (sat.) Table of common functional groups. While this chart still doesn’t claim to be exhaustive, it contains almost double the number of functional groups as the original chart (40 vs. 21). Functional Groups functional group: an atom, or group of atoms (with specific connectivity), exhibiting identical chemical reactivity regardless of the molecule containing it; the reactivity of individual functional groups dictates the reactivity of the molecule of which they are a These are listed in order of priority in the table of functional groups. Since I published my original functional groups chart back in 2014, I’ve had a fair few requests to expand it to include more functional groups. IR Tables, UCSC Table 1. Most functional ggp gyroups absorb at about the same energy and intensity independent of the molecule they are in Characteristic higher energy IR absorptions in Table 12.1 can be used to confirm the existence of the presence of acan be used to confirm the existence of the presence of a functional group in a molecule These groups of atoms are known as functional groups. Find the highest priority group. 2.
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